| | Background: | Shortly after independence, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form the nation of Tanzania in 1964. One-party rule came to an end in 1995 with the first democratic elections held in the country since the 1970s. | | | | Location: | Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique. | | | | | Size: | 945,087 sq km (slightly larger than twice the size of California) | | | | | Population: | 37,445,392 | | | | | Age Structure: | 0-14 years: 43.7% | | | 15-64 years: 53.6% | | 65 years and over: 2.6% | | | | | Median Age: | total: 17.7 years | | | male: 17.5 years | | | female: 18 years | | | | Life Expectancy: | total: 45.64 years | | male: 44.93 years | | | female: 46.37 years | | | | Infant Mortality: | 1% | | | | | HIV/AIDS Prevalence: | 8.8% of adult population (2003 estimate) | | | | | Environment - Current Issues: | soil degradation; deforestation; desertification; destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats; recent droughts affected marginal agriculture; wildlife threatened by illegal hunting and trade especially ivory | | | | | Land Use: | arable land: 4.23% | | | permanent crops: 1.16% | | other: 94.61% | | | | | Maps: |  | | | |
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